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Invent-017'.; i {Md/awc/ @fm/f/QW iran STATE-s PATENT OFFICE.

EDl/VIN R. OAHOONE, GEORGE VALKER, AND CHARLES E. OAHOONE, OF NEWARK, NEW JERSEY; SAID OHAS. E. CAHOONE AND GEORGE TALKER ASSIGNORS TO SAlD EDVIN E. GAHOONE.

APPLICATION oF VARNISHES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 242,507, dated June '7, 1881. Application filed November 19, 1880. (Specimens.)

To all. whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, EDWIN It. GAI-iooNE, GEoRG-EWALKER, and CHARLES E. GAHooNE, all of Newark, in the county ofEssex and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Mode of Applying,r Japan and other Varnishes; and we do hereby de- A clare that the following is a full and complete description thereof'. ro Our invention is applicable to all japan or other body varnishes.

Heretofore body-varnishes, being in fluid form, have been applied in successive coats or layers until the required thickness or body has been attained, a sufcient time being permitted to intervene between the successive applications to let the preceding one become thoroughly dried or baked. ln the case of line wood-work from eightto twelve coats of copal zo varnish are required. For metal with japan two or more coats are required.

Great care must be exercised to exclude d ust from the varnish-room, and large spaces are required by reason of the long time required z5 for the finishing of any single piece.

Metallic articles coated with japan are subjected to heat in an oven to facilitate the drying and to impart extra hardness to the varnish. Wood coated with body-varnish of any 3o kind may be subjected to heat for the same purpose.

The numerous manipulations required in the application of repeated coats of varnish, the time and labor expend ed, and the storage-space 3 5 occupied by the objects under treatment are all sources of expense almost completely ohviated by our invention, which consists in a japan or other body varnish prepared in a sheet of the requisite thickness and of sufficient solidity to 4o bear handling, the cutting of said sheet into pieces of shape and dimensions adapted to the article to be covered, and the mode of covering surfaces with varnish by the application of said sheets to said surfaces and fixing them 4 5 there by means of heat or other proper agent.

That others may fully understand our invention, we will more particularly describe it, having reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure l is a perspective of a water-hook 5o made in accordance with ourinvention. Fig.,

2 is a central section ofthe same. Fig. 3 represents a rosette with the ground for the initial laid in by our invention. Fig. 4 represents a knife-handlejal'ianned byour method. Fig.5 55 is a perspective of a water-hook showing imitation stitches injapan. Fig. 6 is an ornament designed to illustrate the imitation ot' inlaid work or marquetry.

The japan or other body varnish is com- 6c pounded in the usual way, only much less uuid than usual, and may be made into sheets by spreading it upon proper surfaces willi any proper appliances-such as rollers, Sacand permitting it to solidify by cooling or evaporation until it attains a proper consistency for convenient handling in sheets. lt may then be removed and stored for immediate or future use.

In the drawings, A represents the exposed 7o metallic surfaces, and B indicates the japancovered surfaces.

In Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4 the japan is placedin portions ofthe su riace which arel depressed, and said depressions are filled up with the varnish. 7 5

By the ordinary methods heretofore practiced the japan would be applied in one of three ways: first, with a brush in repeated layers; second, by dipping and carefully wiping off the portions to be left uncovered; third, 8o v by dipping and subsequently grinding away the superuous varnish after baking. These methods involve much time and labor, which is entirely obviated by our method.

Elben the varnish sheet is to be used it is cut with knives or scissors into pieces suitable to cover the desired surfaces, and after being laid thereon the article may be subjected to heat to soften the sheet and cause it to settle upon and adhere to said surface. l 9o Sometimes it may be desirable to cover the surface first with a coating of liquid varnish to insure greater tenacity of adhesion, when moderate heat only can be subsequently applied, and the delicacy of the object to be treated may be such as to preclude the subsequent application of heat and make it necessary to obtain the proper adhesion by means of cement It will be observed that varnish may in this way be applied in different colors, forming geometrical or other figures, imitating marquetry, Src. Such an application is shown in Fig. 6,

and is designed to represent portions d cfg h` ofthe design in different-colored varnishes, cut out and united in the usual Way in inlaying. The edges of the several contiguous pieces are softened and united by the heat ofthe oven. It will be observed, also, that varnish applied in sheets, as by our method, is capable of receiving and retaining the impression of tools during the subsequent treatment. Such a result is shown in Fig. 5, where parts of the surface have been traversed by a toothed wheel in imitation of stitches, as at I.

Articles coated with sheet-varnish, as herein described, are easily distinguishable from similar articles coated by dipping or by the brush, by the plainly-distinguishable edges of perienced eye, but is difficult to formulate in words. l

Having described our invention, what we claim to be new is l. Japan or other body varnish prepared in solid form in sheets of such thickness as may be desired, adapted to be applied to the snrfaces to be covered, whereby the entire thickness or body ot' varnish may be applied at a single operation.

2. The mode or method of applying japan or other body varnish, which consists, essentially, in applying a solidified sheet of varnish having the required thickness or body to the surface to be protected, and causing the same to adhere by means of heat.

3. Metallic articles the surfaces whereof are to the desired extent covered with sheets of japan varnish made adherent by means of heat.

EDWIN R. CAHOONE. GEORGE WALKER. CHARLES E. CAHOONE. Witnesses R. J. D. DUNN, E. P. KEssNER. 

